A 2021 systematic review of 16 randomized controlled trials and 6,276 participants (Markun and colleagues, Effects of Vitamin B12 Supplementation on Cognitive Function, Depressive Symptoms, and Fatigue, Nutrients, 2021) found that B12 supplementation does not reliably reduce fatigue in people who are not deficient
LGD-4033 (Capsule) A Selective Androgen Receptor Modulator (SARM) that promotes muscle growth and strength without affecting other hormones
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Dose: 100-250mcg Frequency: Daily or every other day Timing: 30-60 minutes before bed Duration: 4-8 weeks, followed by 2-4 week break At these doses, most users report noticeable improvements in sleep onset, depth, and morning alertness
SD, however, can increase stress levels and stress hormones can influence metaplasticity (Schmidt et al., 2013), transcription and translation regulation (Grnli et al., 2014) as well as structural plasticity (Spruston, 2008