Acetylcholine is a neuromodulator, not a neurotransmitter, but a neuromodulator in the brain
Permeability of the blood-brain barrier predicts no evidence of disease activity at 2 years after natalizumab or fingolimod treatment in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
Benefits of IM Delivery: Faster peak blood concentration Suitable for peptides requiring quick response (e.g., PEG-MGF) Useful for large-volume injections Drawbacks: Can be more painful Higher risk of tissue damage or improper injection Less ideal for long-term peptide therapies IM peptide injections result in rapid systemic exposure, but may lead to inconsistent depot formation and localized degradation. Fosgerau & Hoffmann, Drug Discovery Today Oral Peptide Delivery: Why Its So Challenging (and Whats Changing) Oral delivery is the most convenient route for medications but for peptides, its also the most problematic
In addition, bariatric surgery, with a presumably similar patient intent, is associated with a small increase in AUD rates rather than the huge decreases seen here
10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32213-X 18 GukasyanH