Given the numerous potential secondary causes, the PIANIST mnemonic (Psychiatric, Iatrogenic/Intoxicant, Anemia, Nutrients, Infection, Sleep, Thyroid/hormonal) can be used to aid in identification (Table 1)
GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have transformed obesity and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) management, offering benefits in glucose regulation, weight loss, and cardiometabolic health (6)
For those on GLP-1 therapy alone, routine self-monitoring is not generally recommended by NICE unless there are specific clinical indications
Beyond imaging, integration of genetic profiling, clinical history, and molecular biomarkers into predictive models enhances treatment personalization
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