During sleep, the body: Repairs tissues and muscles Consolidates memory Regulates hormones (including growth hormone and cortisol) Strengthens immune function Sleep is regulated by the circadian rhythm , the bodys internal clock, which is influenced by external cues like light and temperature
This macrophage reprogramming is associated with SFN-mediated inhibition of the transcription factor c-Myc, which normally drives M2 polarization, and concurrent activation of the Nrf2 pathway that favors M1-associated gene expression profiles ( 4.5 Expanded epigenetic regulation: PRMT5 inhibition Beyond its established HDAC inhibitory activity, SFN demonstrates additional epigenetic modulation through inhibition of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5)
doi: 10.1038/nrdp.2016.82 14 LiZZhaoZZhangGWangHZhangBZhangW
Additionally, they may activate pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), thereby promoting the release of pro-inflammatory factors (88)
PMID: 99 InicZZegaracMInicMMarkovicIKozomaraZDjurisicIet al