These molecules play a role in controlling molecular pathways related to metabolism efficiency, immune modulation, balance of oxidative stress, and regeneration of tissues
Activation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors can suppress the downstream mechanisms of excitotoxicity, including intracellular Ca 2+ overload, increased ROS, and mitochondrial energy metabolism disorders
Endothelial-specific telomerase inactivation causes telomere-independent cell senescence and multi-organ dysfunction characteristic of aging
3 Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea Correspondence: Jong-Hoon Kim College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, 79 Gobong-ro, Iksan-city, Jeollabuk-Do, 54596, Republic of Korea Email [email protected] Purpose: The pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by joint degeneration
Examples of these conditions will be discussed next