Specifically, the spike protein and ORF3a protein of SARS-CoV-2 compromise cellular antioxidant capacity by downregulating NRF2, thereby promoting ferroptosis (Sun et al., 2025)
Individual dosage scheduling
Immunity 55 , 542556.e5 (2022)
The cells were grown in a defined medium containing DMEM/HAM F12, supplemented with 33 mM glucose, 2 mM glutamine, 100 U/ml penicillin, 100 g/ml streptomycin, 13 mM sodium bicarbonate, 5.5 g/ml transferrin, 10 g/ml insulin, 1 pM -estradiol, 3 nM triiodothyronine, 20 nM progesterone, 5 ng/ml sodium selenite, and 100 M putrescine
The system was trained with multiple ML models, with RF and ET emerging as the most effective in accurately predicting early-stage (moderate-to-severe) cases of liver injury