Microbial metabolites like SCFA and Trp derivatives can activate AhR and its target genes, including IL-6, IL-22, prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (PTGS2), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), and cytochrome P450 1 A1 (CYP1 A1) in the intestine or liver
6,7FDA warns against the use of injectable glutathione as a skin whitener because whitening is not an approved use,9 efficacy is not well-established, and there have been reported side effects(acute renal failure, severe drug reactions such as generalized morbilliform eruption with angioedema and urticaria, vasculitis, anaphylactic shock and many documented side effects based on studies on IV glutathione used as skin whitening).6,7,8, 12
obviously each of these has very different business models (for example, DRI and CMG are almost completely company owned, while WING is almost exclusively franchised) and are at different places in their growth life cycle, so each deserves slightly (or massively!) different multiples and valuations, but, across the board, these multiples seem pretty rich even in a vacuum
For severe allergic reactions, contact your healthcare provider immediately
Most GLP-1 receptor agonists (semaglutide, dulaglutide, liraglutide) do not require dose adjustment in renal impairment, though exenatide should be avoided if eGFR is below 30 mL/min/1.73m
