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The bottom line is, although current evidence suggests that vaping poses a small fraction of the risks associated with smoking, and the long-term effects of vaping remain largely unknown, results of early studies do show respiratory, neurological, and cardiovascular effects

For example, the higher risk of having a low glomerular filtrate rate compared with non-smokers (OR = 2.20) was only significant in male patients [54]

Then they start dipping again

The findings on the association between smokeless tobacco use and psychiatric disorders are mixed in the current literature

The findings were: 1) taken together, the studies demonstrated decreased the likelihood of postoperative complications in patients who ceased smoking prior to surgery