The study challenges the belief that nicotine dependence develops gradually and identifies three smoker types: those addicted quickly, those with gradual dependence, and chippers, who smoke occasionally without addiction, according to the Center for the Advancement of Health (2000) in the study Nicotine Addiction Can Start Within a Few Days and After Just a Few Cigarettes. What Are the Signs of Nicotine Addiction
Alcohol and other drug abstinence was measured as complete abstinence from their smoking quit date to the end of the smoking cessation intervention, and complete abstinence at 1-month covered the 30 days after their quit date, and at 6-months the 30 days leading to that follow-up
Interviews were conducted in Urdu, based on participants preference, and each session lasted between 30 and 40 min
Flavor Profile: Sweet and zesty mandarin orange
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