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Any factor that interferes with circulation during this period may affect the healing environment
For two studies, the unadjusted and adjusted ORs did not meaningfully differ (Barrington-Trimis et al., 2016a
Its a great alternative if youre itching for a smoke and dont have anything on hand, but it is a gamble, as the cigarette paper may contain extra additives
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18 As far as nicotine replacement in surgical patients is concerned, "nicotine delivered by transdermal and oral routes causes fewer cardiovascular and endocrine effects, buts its influence on surgical procedures and wound healing has yet to be fully investigated." 15 That said, while complete nicotine abstinence would be ideal, supervised use of nicotine replacement products is not likely to impair wound healing and is still preferable to active smoking near surgery time
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