Nicotine and other toxic substances in tobacco interfere with oxygen delivery to nerve tissues, leading to chronic pain, weakness, and delayed recovery from neurological conditions
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Other variables The following data were collected as confounding variables: age, sex, education level ( elementary school, middle school, high school, or college), household income (quartile), alcohol intake (drinking alcohol at least once a month), adequate aerobic physical activity (moderate physical activity 150 min/week or vigorous physical activity 75 min/week), obesity status (body mass index 25 kg/m 2 ), and comorbidities (defined by questionnaires regarding doctor-diagnosed chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, or dyslipidemia) 17,18
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Furthermore, the flavoring agents in many e-liquids havent been thoroughly studied for their effects on wound healing